MBBS in Georgia | Top Universities | Admission Open 2026 - 27 |

Study MBBS in Georgia 2026 - 2027

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MBBS in Georgia for Indian Students

Studying MBBS in Georgia is an excellent and affordable option for Indian students looking to study MBBS abroad. The medical universities there follow high European education standards and are approved by the NMC. This ensures the degree is valuable if you decide to return to India.The medium of instruction is English, and there are no entrance tests, which simplifies the admission process compared to many countries.

The best part is the cost. Studying medicine in Georgia is much cheaper than in private Indian colleges. The total cost for the entire course, including living expenses, is around ₹25 to ₹35 lakhs. This makes Georgia a very practical and budget-friendly choice for an MBBS degree.

If you want direct help with admissions and one-on-one support. Royal Glo Academy is a direct MBBS admission office that helps to study MBBS in Georgia. Indian students start their medical jobs with confidence at a low cost without sacrificing quality.

MBBS in Georgia - Top Medical Universities

Pursuing an MBBS in Georgia Without NEET in 2026

The dream of wearing the white coat often meets the hard reality of intense competition in India. If you are an aspiring medical student looking for a reputable and accessible path in 2025, an MBBS in Georgia without NEET presents a compelling opportunity. However, navigating this path requires a clear understanding of the rules, both old and new.

Let’s demystify what pursuing an MBBS in Georgia without NEET truly means for the 2025 academic intake.

The 2025 Reality: Admission vs. Practice - The Rule is King

For Admission to a Georgian University:

You do NOT need a NEET score. Georgian medical universities select students based on their Class 12 marks (specifically in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology). Your academic performance in high school is your primary key to unlocking admission.

For Medical Practice in India:

You ABSOLUTELY MUST have a qualifying NEET score. This is a non-negotiable mandate from the National Medical Commission (NMC) of India.

Top NMC-Approved Universities in Georgia for 2026

Always cross-check the official NMC website for the most current list, but these universities have a strong track record:

Why Georgia is the Best Country for MBBS Abroad for Indian Students?

India has a lot of options for students who want to study MBBS Abroad. Study in Georgia has slowly become one of the most popular choices. Because it is affordable, has great schools European University and Central university of Europe is known around the world. The medical course tuition fees, ranging between ₹3-6 lakhs annually. Georgia are significantly lower than other countries like USA and Australia. European University and Central University of Europe without compromising on the quality of education. Georgia has a more stable government and a modern education system. Georgia’s government satisfies European benchmarks.

China and the Philippines may have problems with registration. Local language used for classes. Georgia, on the other hand, offers clear degrees that are recognized around the world by organizations. Medical colleges in Georgia received top medical bodies like the NMC (India), WHO, ECFMG (USA), and more. This makes sure that Indian students can choose to go to graduate school or work as doctors in different countries. Georgia is also becoming known around the world as a place where many hopeful doctors. Its high safety record, low cost of living, and diverse culture. As more Indian students do well in medical schools in Georgia. The country continues to become a top choice for MBBS students looking to study abroad.

Key Highlights of MBBS in Georgia

The requirements for Indian students wishing to pursue an MBBS in Georgia are listed below. 

Eligibility for MBBS in Georgia
50% in PCB,NEET Required
Intake
October 2025 (Primary Intake), March 2026 (Secondary Intake, available at some universities)
Duration of Course
5 + 1 Years
Minimum Academic Requirement
  • General Category: Must have secured a minimum of 50% in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (PCB) at the 10+2 level.
  • Reserved Categories (SC/ST/OBC): Must have secured a minimum of 40% in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (PCB) at the 10+2 level.
NEET Exam Test
A qualifying score on the NEET examination is mandatory for all students who wish to practice medicine in India.
Tests
English proficiency tests such as IELTS and TOEFL are not required.
Application Deadline for 2025 Intake:
Application deadlines vary by university. The typical window is from July to October 2025, though some universities may accept applications as late as March 2026.
Degree
MD Equivalent to MBBS
Medium of Education
English Language
Tuition Fee
USD 5500 Per Annum
Currency
1 GEL = ~30.29 INR
Cost Living in Georgia
Rs.12,000/- to Rs.15,000/- Per Month
Internship
12 Months
Universities Recognition
NMC / MCI, WHO, ECFMG & GMC UK
Minimum Course Fees
Rs.3.4 Lakhs Per year
Maximum Course Fees
Rs.5 Lakhs Per year
Top Medical Universities
European University
Georgia National University (SEU)

Medical Universities offering MBBS in Georgia

Studying MBBS in Georgia is a life-changing experience. Students choosing the right medical college is crucial. MBBS in Georgia, there are many medical colleges that offer a art infrastructure and high standard of education. Their degrees are recognized worldwide. These institutions focus not just on theoretical knowledge but also on practical training. Ensuring students are well-prepared for their careers aspiring medical professionals. Georgia universities offers a range of medical college that cater to international students. Some of the most notable are:

List of NMC-approved colleges with medical programs in Georgia

1. Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia

Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU) is one of Georgia’s top NMC-recognized medical schools. Known for its high standards, experienced teachers, and quality education, TSMU ranks among the best. It has a strong global reputation for excellence in training future doctors.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
Tbilisi State Medical University - Georgia8000 USDApply Now

2. European Univeristy - Tbilisi, Georgia

European University (EU) in Georgia is officially recognized and offers MBBS programs approved by NMC and WHO. It also provides degrees in Nursing, Pharmacy, and Health Management. Accredited since 2011, it hosts over 4,000 medical students and has expanded to include MD, Dentistry, and Public Health programs. The university maintains global recognition, making it a top choice for international students. Studying MBBS in Georgia is convenient as the medium of instruction is English, and learning Georgian is not mandatory. EU provides modern facilities, affordable tuition, and high-quality medical education. Students receive hands-on clinical training in Georgia’s healthcare system. The university’s globally recognized degrees attract aspiring doctors worldwide.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
European University6500 USDApply Now

3. Central University of Europe - Tbilisi, Georgia

The Central University of Europe (CUE) in Tbilisi, Georgia, is a leading higher education institution. University offering globally recognized programs in Medicine, Business, Law, IT, and Social Sciences. Approved by the NMC and WHO, the university attracts international students. The university offers English-taught programs, affordable fees, and high-quality medical training. The university provides modern facilities, experienced faculty, and ensuring graduates. Graduates of the university are well-prepared for global careers. With a focus on research, innovation, and student success. CUE Tbilisi is a top choice for students seeking European education at a competitive cost.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
Central University of Europe - Tbilisi5000 USDApply Now

4. Central University of Europe - Kutaisi, Georgia

The Central University of Europe (CUE) in Kutaisi, Georgia, is a rapidly growing branch of the institution. CUE offering specialized programs in Medicine, Engineering, and Computer Science. CUE Kutaisi provides small class sizes, hands-on training, and international exchange opportunities. The MBBS program is NMC & WHO-recognized top medical bodies, making it a preferred choice for medical aspirants for Indian students and foreign students. Located in Georgia’s cultural hub, Kutaisi, the campus combines affordable education with a vibrant student life. Whether studying Medicine, IT, or Business, students learn from experienced faculty and train in modern labs. They also receive strong career support, preparing them for success in their fields.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
Central University of Europe - Kutaisi4000 USDApply Now

5. Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia

Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU) is one of Georgia’s top NMC-recognized medical schools. Known for its high standards, experienced teachers, and quality education, TSMU ranks among the best. It has a strong global reputation for excellence in training future doctors.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
Tbilisi State Medical University - Georgia8000 USDApply Now

6. Ilia State University

Ilia State University – Georgia’s leading hub of innovation and academic excellence. Founded in 2006, it blends modern education with rich traditions. Empowering minds, shaping futures.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
Ilia State University7000 USDApply Now

7. Caucasus International University

Caucasus International University – A dynamic center of education and innovation in Georgia. Committed to academic excellence and global perspectives. Shaping future leaders through knowledge and opportunity.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
Caucasus International University6500 USDApply Now

8. Georgian National University (SEU)

Georgian National University SEU – A leading institution in Georgia offering diverse programs with a focus on quality education and student success. Fostering innovation and professional growth in a globalized world.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
Georgian National University (SEU) 4500 USDApply Now

9. David Tvildiani Medical University

David Tvildiani Medical University – Renowned for excellence in medical education and research. Preparing skilled healthcare professionals with modern training and international standards.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
David Tvildiani Medical University8000 USDApply Now

10. Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University

Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University – Georgia’s oldest and most prestigious university. A hub of academic tradition, research, and cultural development.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University 5000 USDApply Now

11. New Vision University

New Vision University – A modern institution emphasizing interdisciplinary education and entrepreneurial spirit. Bridging academia with real-world challenges.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
New Vision University5500 USDApply Now

12. Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University

Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University – A vibrant coastal university combining academic rigor with cultural richness. Inspiring creativity and critical thinking.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University 4000 USDApply Now

13. Akaki Tsereteli State University

Akaki Tsereteli State University – Committed to accessible education and community engagement. Nurturing talent across sciences, arts, and humanities.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
Akaki Tsereteli State University 3500 USDApply Now

14. Geomedi Medical University

Geomedi Medical University – Specializing in healthcare education with state-of-the-art facilities and a patient-centered approach.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
Geomedi Medical University 7500 USDApply Now

15. East European University

East European University – A forward-thinking institution promoting international collaboration and career-oriented programs.

UNIVERSITYTUITION FEES/YEARFOR ADMISSION
East European University 4800 USDApply Now

Course Structure in Georgian Medical Universities

The MBBS program in Georgia is a 6-year course. Including 5 years of structured academic learning across 10 semesters and 1 year of mandatory internship. The curriculum is designed to meet European medical standards, combining comprehensive theoretical knowledge. With hands-on clinical training from the early years. Subjects covered include Anatomy, Physiology, Pathology, Pharmacology, Microbiology, Surgery, Pediatrics, Obstetrics. More ensuring students are well-prepared for real-world medical practice. Leading universities like European University and Central University of Europe and more private universities offer the course in English. The program makes it highly accessible to Indian students and foreign students. Those with a minimum of 50% marks are eligible to apply and may also qualify for scholarships. MBBS in Georgia both a globally recognized and cost-effective option.

Given below is the detailed syllabus structure for MBBS:

YearSemesterSyllabus
1st Year1st SemesterAnatomy Part I, Embryology, Histology Cytology, Genetics, Language, Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry and Medical Genetics
2nd SemesterImmunology, Anatomy Part II, Physiology Part I, Medical Research, Clinical Biochemistry Part I, Lab Chemistry and History of Medicine, Language
3rd SemesterPhysiology Part II, Anatomy Part III, Microbiology Part I, Biochemistry Part II, Bioethics and Communication Skills, Clinical Skills
2nd Year4th SemesterPharmacology Part I, Physiology of Behaviour, Physiology Part III, Pathology, Microbiology II
5th SemesterSurgery Part I, Internal Diseases and Clinical Examination Part I, Behavioral Science, Clinical Skills Part I, Systemic Pathology Part I, Pharmacology Part II
3rd Year6th SemesterSurgery Part II, Internal Diseases and Clinical Examination of Patients Part II, Systemic Pathology Part II, Pharmacology Part III, Biostatistics, Radiology
7th SemesterPsychiatry, Internal Medicine Part I, Clinical Skills Part II, Neurology, Professional Pathologies and Dentistry
Clinical Rotations
4th Year
8th SemesterInfectious Disease, Surgery, Clinical Parasitology, ENT, Obstetrics, ECG and Sports Medicine, Endocrinology
9th SemesterInternal Medicine Part II, Surgery, Dermato-Venerology, Gynecology, Pediatrics Part I, Nutriology, Traumatology
5th Year10th SemesterSurgery Part II, Pediatrics Part II, Clinical Hematology, Ophthalmology, Forensic Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology, Research Skills Part I, Clinical Psychology and Pediatric Surgery
11th SemesterSurgery Part II, Pediatrics Part II, Clinical Hematology, Ophthalmology, Forensic Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology, Research Skills Part I, Clinical Psychology and Pediatric Surgery
12th SemesterSurgery Part II, Pediatrics Part II, Clinical Hematology, Ophthalmology, Forensic Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology, Research Skills Part I, Clinical Psychology and Pediatric Surgery

MBBS Intake Timeline & Academic Calendar (2026)

MBBS in Georgia has emerged as a top choice for Indian students. Understanding the intake timeline is essential for smooth admission. Most MBBS programs in Georgia begin by the end of September, with admissions processed on a first-come, first-served basis. Therefore, students are encouraged to apply as early as July or August to secure their seats. Renowned institutions like European University and Central University of Europe offer MBBS course at highly competitive rates. Lowest tuition fees typically ranging from ₹3–6 lakhs per year. Making it both an accessible and valuable international study option.

EventsDates
Application Start DateMay 2026
Application End DateAugust 2026
Course Commences FromSeptember 2026
CoursesDuration
MBBS / MD6 Years
Dentistry5 Years
Pharmacy4 Years

MBBS Admission Procedure & Eligibility for Indian Students

Direct admission to study MBBS in Georgia through Royalglo Next Academy is a transparent process. Indian students must pass 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, scoring in 12th Standard at least 50% overall. NEET qualification is mandatory for those who wish to practise medicine in India later.

Step-by-Step Admission Process:

Intake Timeline: MBBS sessions in Georgia begin in late September. Due to a first-come, first-served policy, students are strongly advised to apply between July and August for smooth processing.

Indian students' eligibility requirements for Study MBBS in Georgia

The Medical Institution of Georgia is one of the safe country for Indian students aspiring to study MBBS abroad. Georgia ranks 85th on the Global Peace Index, making it Safest Countries in the world 2025 than India (141st) and the US (103rd). This makes it a great choice for international students.

Required Documents for an MBBS Study Visa in Georgia

The following are required and essential for starting a career in medicine in Georgia. A study visa is granted to applicants who come to Georgia specifically to study. The following conditions must be met in order to receive a student visa:

Direct Univeristy MBBS Admission Support – Royal Glo Next Academy, Chennai.

Many students choose Georgia for medical studies because of its good education and career prospects. MBBS in Georgia, with its welcoming atmosphere and excellent educational framework. Georgia has become one of the preferred destinations. Pursuing an MBBS abroad become a popular choice among many students. Countries like Georgia stand out due to reasonable

The global of medical degrees from Georgia opens doors for students everywhere., allowing them to medicine in various countries. Navigating the world of MBBS Courses studying Best Medical Colleges in Europe can be overwhelming. They offer valuable assistance, guiding MBBS in Georgia for Indian students through university selection, application processes, and visa arrangements. Ministry of education georgia come to us at Royalglo Next Academy list our site in classified listing can ease the journey and ensure that all necessary steps are taken care of.

Cultural Experience

Study MBBS in Georgia also offers students a unique cultural experience. With its rich history and diverse traditions. Students can enjoy a vibrant lifestyle while pursuing their education. This exposure enriches their personal and professional growth, making them well-rounded individuals.

Cost of MBBS in Georgia 2026

The following will provide some insight into the reasonable expenses that candidates may face as part of the cost of top medical universities to study MBBS in Georgia. Most government and private colleges are highly regarded worldwide. It is also much cheaper compared to other European countries. The total fees MBBS in Georgia typically ranges between MBBS fees 35 Lakhs to 50 Lakhs INR (approximately). This comprehensive fee includes all essential amenities for students, such as tuition fees, mess facilities, hostel accommodations, and other miscellaneous expenses covered by the medical universities.

University NameTuition Fee (per year)Hostel Fee (per year)
Tbilisi State Medical University$8,000$1,500
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University$7,000$1,200
European University$6,000$1,300
Geomed Medical University$6,500$1,400
Akaki Tsereteli State University$5,500$1,000
Ilia State University$7,500$1,300
Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University$5,800$900
David Tvildiani Medical University$8,500$1,600
New Vision Medical University$7,800$1,500
David Agmashenebeli University of Georgia$6,200$1,200
Caucasus International University$7,000$1,300
Tbilisi Medical Academy$6,800$1,200
Tbilisi Open Teaching University$5,900$1,000
University of Georgia$6,500$1,300
East European University$6,800$1,200
Georgian American University$7,200$1,400

MBBS in Georgia for Indian Students Fees

The cost for an MBBS degree in Georgia is very affordable for international students.

This overall cost is generally lower than private medical colleges in many other countries. The final amount can vary depending on the specific university and city you choose.

1. Yearly Tuition Fees

Fee Type
Cost in USD
Cost in INR (Approx.)

2. Living Costs Per Month

Expense
Cost in USD
Cost in INR (Approx.)

3. One-Time Costs (First Year Only)

Total 6-Year Estimate

The complete course typically costs between ₹40 – ₹70 lakhs for everything.

Courses Provided by Medical Universities in Georgia

Medical colleges in Georgia provide a diverse range of academic programs beyond the MBBS, including specialized courses in dentistry, pharmacy, nursing, public health, and biomedical sciences.

Government Universities for MBBS in Georgia

Government universities in Georgia provide high-quality education at an affordable cost, making them an excellent choice for students. Some of the top institutions include:

Private Universities for MD/MBBS in Georgia

Private universities in Georgia offer internationally accredited medical programs, such as:

Safety, Accommodation & Cultural Experience in Georgia

Georgia is the safest choice for Indian students who wish to study MBBS in Georgia. Georgia is ranked 85th on the Global Peace Index. In 2024, India is ranked 141st, while the United States is ranked 103rd.

Advantages of studying MBBS in Georgia

Georgia's MBBS Teaching Medium

Georgia is once again a good place for Indian Medical students to study MBBS in Europe because of the universal language they have selected. MBBS from Georgia is taught for six years by renowned faculty members.

The accommodations and hostels

About Georgia

Georgian (nationwide) and Abkhazian (Abkhazian AR) are the official languages of Georgia. Studying MBBS in Georgia comes with the added advantage of adventure and exploration.

Life in Georgia as a Medical Student

Every nation has a unique culture, and adjusting to it is a journey in and of itself. Being open-minded is essential for students, not only in the classroom but also, in a sense, on the playground. Here are some helpful hints to give you a head start.

Georgia’s Climate & Seasonal Prep

Georgia experiences diverse climate patterns due to its varied topography and geographical location. The western region enjoys a humid subtropical climate with mild winters and warm summers, influenced by the Black Sea. In contrast, the eastern part has a more continental climate, characterized by hot summers and colder winters. The mountainous areas witness heavy snowfall and cooler temperatures year-round. The region’s snow and ice are making it popular for winter sports. Unexpected storms and temperature changes are common in Georgia due to its location between Europe and Asia is one of the most popular destinations. This climatic diversity supports a wide range of flora, fauna, and agricultural activities. Enhancing the country’s natural beauty and economic potential.

Georgia Medical Universities Recognition

Career Scope After MBBS in Georgia

Upon completing MBBS in Georgia, students have a wide range of postgraduate options across various countries. Here are the top opportunities:

Career Paths for Georgia MBBS Graduates

There are several different career choices for Georgia MBBS Students.

By selecting the right country for further studies and licensing exams, Georgia MBBS graduates can expand their career prospects globally.

Why Choose MBBS in Georgia?

MBBS from Georgia

Degrees from Georgian medical college are recognized worldwide. MBBS in Georgia allowing graduates to practice in various countries after fulfilling local licensing requirements. Most universities offer programs in English, making it easier for international students to adapt. Engaging with a diverse student body prepares graduates to work in multi-cultural environments.

High-Quality Education

The Georgian education system is known for its robust medical programs. Universities of MBBS in Georgia follow international standards and are recognized by major medical boards, including WHO and UNESCO. The curriculum is designed to incorporate both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Ensuring that students are well-prepared to face real-world medical challenges.

MBBS in Georgia Fees for Indian Students

One of the most attractive aspects of studying MBBS in Georgia is the cost. The fees for MBBS in Georgia are significantly lower compared to other countries. Average Georgia mbbs fees range from $3,000 to $7,000 annually, making it an economically viable option for many families. Additionally, the cost of living MBBS in Georgia is relatively low, further reducing the overall financial burden.

Academic Excellence and Research Opportunities

Georgia’s commitment to academic excellence is reflected in its comprehensive research opportunities. Students interested in specializing can engage in research activities. Gaining exposure to the latest medical advancements. This hands-on experience is crucial for a successful medical career.

Globally Recognized Medical Degree

Medical degrees from Georgian universities are accepted in many countries around the world. Graduates are eligible to appear for licensing exams after meeting local medical council requirements. Most universities welcome international students and offer a multicultural learning environment that helps students adapt easily to global healthcare systems.

English-Medium Programs

Most medical college MBBS in Georgia offer MBBS programs in English. This is particularly beneficial for Indian students who may not be fluent in Georgian. The availability of English-medium of instruction allows students to focus on their studies without language barriers.

Key Facts About Georgia

ReligionChristianity
CurrencyGeorgian Lari (GEL)
Exchange Rate (as of January 2025)1 GEL = 34 INR approx.
LanguageGeorgian
ClimateWinter minimum temp. 1°C
Summer maximum temp. 33°C
Time DifferenceIndia is 1 hour and 30 minutes ahead of Georgia.

Georgia vacations during MBBS

Speaking about breaks, there are two each year for MBBS Students in Georgia. Winter Break : 15-day holiday in January. Summer Break : A two month vacation in July and August.

Students Reviews

Here are some students sharing their experiences of pursuing an MBBS in Georgia:

FAQ

Why Choose Georgia for Medical Studies?

Quality Education:  Georgian medical colleges follow international standards, often taught in English for the benefit of international students.
Affordable Fees:  Compared to many Western countries, the tuition fees in Georgia are significantly lower, making it an attractive option for students from countries like India.
Cultural Experience:  Studying MBBS in Georgia also students a chance to immerse themselves in a rich cultural environment, enhancing their personal growth.

Benefits of Studying MBBS Abroad

Stud MBBS abroad provides a unique opportunity to experience healthcare systems and learning methodologies. It allows students to broaden their horizons, enhancing both their professional and personal lives.

What to Expect Studying MBBS Overseas?

Stud MBBS abroad provides a unique opportunity to experience healthcare systems and learning methodologies. It allows students to broaden their horizons, enhancing both their professional and personal lives.

Fees for MBBS in Georgia

When budgeting for studies MBBS in Georgia, it’s essential to be aware of the fees involved. The typical fee structure looks like this:
Tuition: $3,000 to $7,000 per year
Accommodation: $1,500 to $2,500 per year
 Living expenses: $2,000 to $4,000 per year Taking these costs into account, students can plan effectively for their education abroad.

MBBS Abroad for Indian Students

Indian students looking to pursue their dreams of becoming doctors often find that studying MBBS in Georgia provides an enriching experience. By studying MBBS in Georgia, they can gain quality education while living in a culturally rich country. Additionally, the cost of living is relatively low, making it easier for families to support their children during their studies.

Santhana Krishnan

MD Physician

Founder of Royalglo Next Academy - International Admission Officer

In 2009, we began our MBBS Direct Admission Office in a modest way and were able to enroll 20 students for the study.Indian students are sent to a medical college in MBBS Abroad in order to receive a higher caliber of medical education. In 2010, we sent 1092 students to study MBBS/MD at medical colleges abroad. Through our organization, over 1500 doctors earned their medical degrees (MBBS/MD) overseas education. In Georgia, 1200 students have been admitted to study medicine through the MBBS program.